Adequate is a synonym for sufficient, so evidence is considered adequate when sufficient reasons are provided for the judgements that are made; and when these are provided, they are considered good evidence. The Physically Unknowable - Odd STEM The modern world-picture, however, involves several components: mathematical science; machine technology; the reduction of art to an object of experience; the conception of all human activity as culture and as the realization of values (empowerment), the concern of a cultural policy politically; a godlessness that co-exists with the modernization of the Christian world-view and with intense religious experience. This is a problem in the philosophy of mathematics. Our tragic literature, on the other hand, demonstrates the implications of the lack of self-knowledge in its heroes actions which ultimately lead to their demise in most cases. 34. 3 netflix/my-en/title/ What is considered unknowable is where the search for knowledge begins so that they can become known; but notice that they will become known as things. World-view comes from the German Weltanschauung which is formed from Welt, world, and Anschauung, view, etc., and means view of, outlook on, the world. 1 Trimmer, John D. (1980). When we consider our world and the beings in it as objects we, too, experience the disappearance of otherness for it is our cognition which makes or creates those things that we consider beings in our world and the things themselves lack any kind of independent status. In what and from where does our word values have its origins? Think back to X-Mas when you were a kid, and how with some basic shaking, weighing, and appraisal of shape, you could pretty much guess what the object was.. Now imagine a Cloudcuckoolander receiving a present. Techneis a know how that is established and derived from a knowledge by acquaintance or epistemology. Photo of market collapse in 2008 from the Times magazine. 16. The language used by Plato in his dialogues, for instance, is an attempt to get beyond the chit-chat of everyday speech, the language we most commonly use in our everyday dealings with things and with others. 19. fides} is the affirmation of, or conviction regarding, the truth of a proposition, whether or not one is in possession of evidence adequate to justify a claim that the proposition is known with certainty (the principle of sufficient reason). Darwin/Nietzsche Part VII: On Aristotle, Algorithms and the Principle of Contradiction and the Overturning of the True and Apparent Worlds, Part IX: Darwin/Nietzsche: Otherness, Owingness, And Nihilism, AOK: Individuals and Societies or the Human Sciences: Part One, AOK: Technology and the Human Sciences Part. How one re-searches the historical developments within an area of knowledge will be determined byhermaneuticsand the de-constructionof language. Well done. For Christians, the name of God is holy, sacred, and He is not to be named because to do so would turn Him into a thing. Whether they are the ulemasof Muslim societies or the talking heads of the think-tanks of technological societies, it is the experts who determine how truth has been interpreted and how it should be applied to human actions within communities. When I sat through Pure Mathematics classes at school, it was a common complaint that what we were learning was useless. Unfortunately, the teacher simply responded with youre learning this because its on the syllabus. The Turing Halting problem sounds like a grade-A useless, entirely academic, waste of time. This calculus or reckoning is not only present in mathematics; it is the foundation or ground of the utilitarian principles of ethics. This is the contradiction we live within. This prompt and topic is dealt with at greater length in the following links:CT 1: Perspectives (WOKs). Are some things unknowable.docx - Are some things unknowable Object 1 It becomes something subjective. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? Your TOK exhibition is worth 35% of the grade. it is public. will be choices that individuals in the future will have to make with the know-how that they have. The choice of the prompt is crucial for the outcome or product that you will produce or bring forth and hold forth upon. 2, AOK: Individuals and Societies: Supplementary Notes, AOK History: Thoughts on Systemic Racism in North America, https://open.spotify.com/show/1qLxnSGpz4EeLeWZqjXmwt, A Reading of William Blakes The Tyger: Technology as Knowing and Making, Deconstructing the November 2018 Prescribed Titles for TOK Essays, TOK: Deconstructing the November 2017 Titles, It is a logical relation between two propositions that fails to hold only if the first is true and the second is false; or it can be, Not having a complete personal knowledge of how the computer or hand phone functions is not really necessary unless they do not work and we must consult the experts to find out what has gone wrong. To that extent, we have renounced the type of description of nature that was customary for centuries and that had been valid as the self-evident goal of all exact natural science. The doing of unethical or unlawful actions will become de riguer as they take their place within the worlds corporations. This know how, presumably, comes from a long, broad engagement with the field which is under discussion. These are subsets of the political in its essence. Bringing this pre-programmed response to light will help you in your search for self-knowledge in that how you interpret things i.e. Activities such as gene splicing to produce seed that will not reproduce, etc. TOK Exhibition The guiding prompt I have selected for the exhibition is : " Are some things Unknowable ?" Object- Pi and infinity sign. This idea was created by Nassim Nicholas Taleb and later developed in his book called The Black Swan. It may be even possible that our idea of consciousness is a placeholder term for something we dont understand, like a god was a term for processes that humans didnt understand like weather or stars. In your discussion, defining counts and knowledge will be crucial as well as demonstrating how the images you have chosen illustrate your interpretations of these key terms. You might begin by examining how the word values is itself an example of the great change that occurred during that period we call the Renaissance when human beings became the centre of the things that are, with the consequence that we have the rise of the age of humanism. Otherwise there will always be people who do not agree and claim that we still do not know what consciousness is. We can see its relation to what is now called algorithms. Are some things unknowable TOK Exhibition A How might the context in which knowledge is presented influence whether it is accepted or rejected? On what grounds might we doubt a claim? The Greeks understood technology as the theoretical knowledge that makes the practical applications possible. Subjectivity does not mean subjectivism but is rather the dwelling of the claim of the principle of reason which has as its consequences the Information Age and the Age of Artificial Intelligence in which the particularity, separation and validity of the individual disappears in favour of total uniformity. Here are the possible solutions for "Unspecified object, no matter what" clue. It is possible to define truth for one system in a stronger system; but of course, you cant define truth in that stronger system, youd have to move on to a still stronger system and so on, indefinitely searching for the unreachable truth. This prompt is covered in greater depth under #17. https://wordpress.com/block-editor/post/mytok.blog/3676, https://mytok.blog/2019/11/30/ct-1-perspectives-woks/. The TOK exhibition - TOK 2022: THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE WEBSITE FOR THE IBDP An explanation is a rendering or handing over of an account of things. 7. rendered, and to whom or to what is a reason rendered? When we speak of bias we usually mean that it is the particular leaning one may have in order to bring about a pre-determined outcome, the production or bringing forth of which is determined to be a good end. Correctness is being directed toward something, making statements that are fitted or suitable for the things that are spoken about. It is this that is the great paradigm shift of human being-in-the-world in the modern age and determines the actions that we choose to take and whom among us is sane or not. Your first step is to ensure that you understand what principles and key concepts are involved in the prompt you have chosen. is. atoms or historical figures, varies with our prior conception of their being, how we have defined and classified them. The what and the how of the object is already pre-determined and the inquiry is to find an understanding of the why. We doubt a claim when we are lacking certainty and reliability regarding those who are making the claim, the sources of the claim, or when the things about which the claim is being made are not sufficiently justified, that is sufficient reasons have not been supplied for the claim. However, as during nearly the whole of our history, there have been fruitless attempts to prove and disprove the existence of such a god, Blaise Pascal argues that regardless if God exists, it is worth believing. how the questions of what, how and why are sufficiently answered and the thing about which the claim is being made is sufficiently brought to light and handed over to others. What we understand by our word calculus is also determined from this understanding. His history proves that even though we consider many things unknowable, they are just simply not yet discovered. While the perceived value of a product or a brand in the past usually accrued over time, nowadays the value of a product is truly in the eyes of a beholder rather than in the usefulness or good of the product itself. You will notice, though, that human beings do not cause the health: health itself is an outcome of nature. TOK Exhibition Sample & Breakdown: Are Some Things Unknowable - YouTube The a priori is not true or correct beyond the project which it helps to define: The a priori is the title for what we believe is the essence of things i.e. The principle to render sufficient reasons becomes the unconditional demand to render mathematically technically computable grounds for all that is: total rationalization. Thus, the choices of image or objects for this prompt, and the conclusions to be arrived at, are almost unlimited. How can we distinguish between knowledge, belief and opinion? We demand that things give us the reasons for their being the way they are. Clearly, not knowing how a hand phone works is not an indication of madness on our part, but then what is the knowledge that is being spoken about by Socrates? This putting of questions to things is our inquiring into and about the nature of the things that we know and how we know them. Clearly at the very least there are nonsense questions like I posted in my last post. So far, all the perfect numbers have been even but, again, no-one knows if there is an odd one yet to be found, but if there is one its a very big number; bigger than 10^1500 (1 with 1500 zeroes after it). Perhaps the greatest challenge you will face is that the total word count for this document is 950 words (excluding references). Since Descartes, the experience of human beings is as an I that relates to the world such that it renders this world to itself in the form of connections correctly established between its representations i.e. According to . This evidence or explanation will find its grounds in the principle of sufficient reason. As adjectives the difference between unknown and unknowable is that unknown is not known; unidentified; not well known while unknowable is not knowable. But even today, the principle of reason is not clearly understood as that which determines all cognition and behaviour. Thoughtful connections can be made here. This calculus also determines how we view a work of art and gives rise simultaneously, during the 17th and 18th centuries, to the theory of aesthetics, how we view, define and subsequently speak about art and beauty. Why, there are infinity they never stop. Judgement is the connection between what is stated with that about which a statement is made. Dianoiais that thinking which brings separate things together and allows those things to be seen as units, ones or monads. If we invent a hypothetical entity, define it as supernatural and claim that it is impossible to prove its existence by mere humans, it can become something unknowable. Our tragic literature and our art, generally, demonstrate that there might not be as great a separation between theory and practice as we have been led to believe.Socrates once said that the opposite of knowledge is not ignorance, but madness and he demonstrated this in the figure of the tyrant for whom and in whom all sense ofothernesshas disappeared. Such a lack of knowledge is not crucial to our well-being or survival. The belief of the first type is axiomaticin that it is based upon first principles or self-evident truths. CT: The Exhibition: A Glossary of Prompts - Theory of Knowledge: An But our word virtue which for the Greeks meant the manliness of a man has come to mean the chastity of a woman. . Our understanding of truth gives a precedence to human subjectivity. Judgement itself is nottruth; judgement is only true when the reason for the connection is specified, when theratioor account is given. Object 1: Pterodactyl Fossil Identification: My first object is this is a pterodactyl fossil found by a fossil hunter in the Sandown Bay on the Isle of Wight, UK. Meredith Christenberry on Instagram: "Timeless collection is LIVE (link The Greeks, for example, did not have any values and the closest approximation we have to describe this situation is what the Greeks understood by virtue. The Natural Sciences: Historical Background; View all posts by theoryofknowledgeanalternativeapproach. What role does imagination play in producing knowledge about the world? To illuminate it, I have to fire photons at it, when a photon hits the particle, the particle will be moved by the photons so by trying to measure its position, I change its position. Without such reckoning up (algorithms, for example) our computers and hand phones would be quite useless because they could not have come into existence.